Gentoo Maintenance
- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Finalizing
- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoo_Cheat_Sheet
Package Management
Install a package
emerge --ask --verbose class/name
System Updates
First, sync the updated source def tree
sudo emerge --sync
Then, package sources can be updated and built.
emerge -uDU --keep-going --with-bdeps=y @world --ask
Sometimes, portage itself needs an update
sudo emerge --oneshot portage
To recompile preserved packges:
emerge @preserved-rebuild
System Upgrades
Upgrading an entire system with a new gentoo profile.
In this case, moving from 17.0 to 17.1
sudo eselect profile set default/linux/amd64/17.1
sudo emerge --update --deep --newuse -av @world
Then recompile the packages that were held back.
sudo emerge @preserved-rebuild
After the system is done recompiling, clean up the old versions
sudo emerge --depclean -a
. /etc/profile
Finally, rebuild the initramfs
genkernel --lvm initramfs
Upgrade the Kernel
- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Kernel/Upgrade
Backup the kernel config before trying to upgrade.
sudo cp /usr/src/linux/.config ~/kernel-config-`uname -r`
Allow 'unstable' packages:
echo 'ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~amd64"' \
| sudo tee -a /etc/portage/make.conf
Download new kernel sources
sudo emerge --ask sys-kernel/gentoo-sources:5.4.2
Select the kernel version to build
sudo eselect kernel list
sudo eselect kernel set 2
Copy the config file backup to the updated kernel
sudo cp kernel-config-4.19.86-gentoo /usr/src/linux/.config
Update the kernel config file
cd /usr/src/linux
sudo make syncconfig
Build the kernel
sudo genkernel all
After the build completes (~1h), update the grub config
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
And reconfigure the LVM boot config
genkernel --lvm initramfs
Manual Kernel Upgrade
Faster than the automatic method.
sudo cp /usr/src/linux/.config ~/kernel-config-`uname -r`
sudo eselect kernel list
sudo eselect kernel set 2
sudo make syncconfig
sudo make -j4
sudo make modules_prepare
sudo make modules_install
sudo make install
sudo dracut --hostonly --kver 5.4.11-gentoo-x86_64
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Remove an old kernel
Remove the sources for old kernels
emerge --ask --depclean gentoo-sources
Remove all but the newest three kernels from /boot
eclean-kernel -n 3
System Upgrades
Users
Add a user
useradd -m -G users,wheel,audio -s /bin/bash noah
passwd noah
Sudo
Install sudo
#emerge --config =mail-mta/nullmailer-2.2
emerge --ask app-admin/sudo
Grant root priv to members of %wheel group.
echo "%wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers.d/wheel
SSH keys
Login as your new user, add your SSH keys from github.
curl -s https://github.com/noahbailey.keys >> .ssh/authorized_keys
Or, copy them from another machine
ssh-copy-id user@host
Comforts
Text editors
GNU Emacs
sudo emerge --ask app-editors/emacs
Vim
sudo emerge --ask app-editors/vim
Log output formatter for logs, etc
sudo emerge --ask app-misc/grc
System Utils
Htop, tmux, etc
sudo emerge --ask app-misc/tmux
sudo emerge --ask net-misc/whois
sudo emerge --ask net-dns/bind-tools
sudo emerge --ask net-misc/rsync
Maintenance Tools
- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Q_applets
- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Genlop
Cleaning Up
Install cleanup tools
sudo emerge --ask app-admin/eclean-kernel
sudo emerge --ask app-portage/gentoolkit
Run the cleanup programs:
sudo eclean-dist
sudo eclean-pkg
sudo eclean-kernel
Monitoring tools
sudo emerge --ask net-analyzer/nload
sudo emerge --ask sys-process/htop
Dev Tools
sudo emerge --ask dev-vcs/git
Security Tools
VPN Clients/Servers
sudo emerge --ask net-vpn/openvpn
sudo emerge --ask net-vpn/wireguard
Host firewall
sudo emerge --ask net-firewall/ufw
sudo /etc/init.d/ufw start
sudo ufw allow ssh
sudo rc-update add ufw default
Networking and traffic capture tools
sudo emerge --ask net-analyzer/nmap
Packages
- https://packages.gentoo.org/
Desktop
Setup user environment
sudo emerge --ask x11-misc/xdg-user-dirs
sudo emerge --ask games-misc/cowsay
Config for VMs
To allow active resizing, install the spice agent
sudo emerge --ask app-emulation/spice-vdagent
This requires some kernel config.
Plymouth
Install the plymouth package:
sudo emerge --ask sys-boot/plymouth
sudo emerge --ask sys-boot/plymouth-openrc-plugin
Add this line to the /etc/rc.conf
rc_interactive="NO"
Add the grub config lines:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT='quiet splash'
GRUB_GFXMODE=1920x1080
#GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep
After installing Plymouth, the initramfs will need to be rebuilt. Dracut is able to do this. Simply rebuild the current initramfs.
sudo dracut --hostonly --force
Finally, rebuild the grub config with these new params:
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Expand virual disk
Host OS system
Resize the qcow2 image with qemu-img, in this case growing by 20 gigs:
sudo qemu-img resize gentoo.qcow2 +20G
Guest OS system
Grow the partition with parted
sudo parted
> resize 3 100%
Expand the LVM Physical Volume
sudo pvresize /dev/sda3
Check that the pv was resized successfully
sudo vgdisplay stor
Extend the LVM object
sudo lvextend -l +100%Free /dev/stor/root
Finally, extend the underlying ext4 filesystem
sudo resize2fs /dev/stor/root
Extras
Utilities
sudo emerge -a app-i18n/unicode-emoji
sudo emerge -a kde-apps/okular
Crypto utils
sudo emerge -a app-crypt/keybase
sudo emerge -a app-crypt/kbfs
sudo emerge -a app-crypt/yubikey-manager app-crypt/yubikey-manager-qt
Shell enhancements
sudo emerge -a app-shells/bash-completion
Filesystem Utils
sudo emerge -a sys-fs/fuse-common sys-fs/xfsprogs sys-fs/squashfs-tools sys-fs/exfat-utils sys-fs/fuse-exfat sys-fs/fuseiso sys-fs/ntfs3g
Network Management
sudo emerge -a net-misc/networkmanager kde-misc/plasma-applet-network-monitor
Recompile any packages with changed use flags.
euse -E networkmanager
Disable any network services
sudo rc-update del net.ens3
sudo rc-update del dhcpd
Enable NetworkManager
rc-service NetworkManager start
rc-update add NetworkManager default
XFCE
net-libs/libsoup
emerge --ask xfce-base/xfce4-meta xfce-extra/xfce4-notifyd
Unbreaking things
emerge --changed-use --deep @world